Sefer HaChinuch ספר החינוך

To not eat fresh grain from the new grain until that day: To not eat fresh grain from the new grain until the time mentioned, as it is stated (Leviticus 23:14), “and fresh grain shall you not eat.” And grain roasted in its sheaves is called, “fresh grain” — granis in the vernacular. And we are also liable for fresh grain with a kazayit. And they, may their memory be blessed, said (Keritot 5a), “[If] he ate bread, roasted grain, and fresh grain, he is liable for each and every one.” And they also said it was not necessary to mention roasted grain, but Scripture mentioned it to distinguish, such as to make liable for roasted grain on its own, and upon the fresh grain and bread [each on its own]. And they said in the Gemara (Keritot 5a) from the angle of something pushed off, “Maybe he should become liable for roasted grain by itself, and so [too,] for fresh grain — since it is extra — but he would be liable one [set of] lashes for bread and fresh grain?” And the answer was, “For what law did the [Torah] write roasted grain in the middle? To say bread is like roasted grain, and fresh grain is like roasted grain — and he shall [hence] be liable for each and every one [on its own].” All of its content is in the two previous commandments — its “colleagues.”